Developing Learning Outcomes: A Guide for University of Toronto Faculty

"Learning outcomes are statements that describe the knowledge or skills students should acquire by the end of a particular assignment, class, course, or program, and help students understand why that knowledge and those skills will be useful to them. They focus on the context and potential applications of knowledge and skills, help students connect learning in various contexts, and help guide assessment and evaluation.

Good learning outcomes emphasize the application and integration of knowledge. Instead of focusing on coverage of material, learning outcomes articulate how students will be able to employ the material, both in the context of the class and more broadly." 

- Developing Learning Outcomes: A guide for University of Toronto faculty -

The contents include:

• What are Learning Outcomes?

• Tools for Developing Learning Outcomes

• Characteristics of Good Learning Outcomes

• Assessment – Following Through on Learning Outcomes

• Course, Program, Institution: Connecting Learning Outcomes

• Further Resources on Learning Outcomes

• APPENDIX A: Examples Of Learning Outcomes

• APPENDIX B: Useful verbs for developing learning outcomes

• APPENDIX C: Taxonomies of educational objectives

• Adding Learning Outcomes in Quercus